Regions
Moscow
The central federal district is the most densely populated part of Russia. The population density is 57.5 people / km2. By area, it occupies no more than 4% of the territory of the Russian Federation, and at the same time 25% of the population lives in its territory, half of which is concentrated in the Moscow region.
The name of the district characterizes not only its geographical position in the center of the country, but also its historical function as the core of the Russian state, the center of economic, political and cultural life.
In the Central District are the largest training centers, research institutes, design organizations, cities of science, so it is characterized by a high concentration of qualified personnel, which explains the high level of development of science-intensive industries.
It is a developed industrial and agricultural region.
Ferrous metallurgy uses the natural wealth of the district – iron ore of the Kursk magnetic anomaly. According to the geological reserves, the KMA deposit is the first in the world. Shallow occurrence of ores (from 35 to 500 m) allows their development in open quarries. Mining of KMD ores accounts for 40% of the total iron ore output of the CIS countries.
Lebedinsky Ore Mining and Processing Plant in the Belgorod region produces a powdered ore concentrate, consisting of 2/3 of iron oxide. From here to the metallurgical plants concentrate is sent in the form of agglomerate or pellets.
The Novolipetsk Iron and Steel Works specializes in the smelting of pig iron and steel and ranks third in Russia in output after the Cherepovets (Vologda region) and Magnitogorsk (Chelyabinsk region) combines.
The Oskol Electrometallurgical Combine (Belgorod Region) produces steel by direct reduction of iron.
The most valuable wealth of the okrug are soils – chernozems. The humus content in them is from 4 to 12%, and the chernozem horizon itself reaches 1 m or more. These are the most fertile soils of Russia, therefore the district belongs to the main agricultural regions of the country. A significant part of its territory is occupied by fields of grain, technical and fodder crops: rye and wheat, millet and buckwheat, corn, barley, oats, silage grasses, sugar beet, sunflower. Livestock, horticulture and vegetable growing are developed.
The district’s agro-industrial complex specializes in the production of marketable grain, flour, cereals, sugar, oil, starch, canned fruits and vegetables.
Administrative-territorial composition of the district: Moscow, Belgorod, Bryansk, Vladimir, Voronezh, Ivanovo, Kaluga, Kostroma, Kursk, Lipetsk, Moscow, Oryol, Ryazan, Smolensk, Tambov, Tver, Tula, Yaroslavl regions. Central and Central Chernozem economic regions are allocated according to natural conditions, location and development of productive forces in the territory of the district. The first group includes most of the regions of the Central Federal District, while the second group includes Kursk, Belgorod, Voronezh, Lipetsk and Tambov regions.